Which vital signs should be closely monitored when giving opioids?

When administering opioids, it is essential to closely monitor respiratory rate, blood pressure, heart rate, and consciousness. Opioids are potent analgesics that can significantly depress the central nervous system, leading to respiratory depression, which is one of the most concerning side effects. Monitoring respiratory rate helps to ensure that the patient is not experiencing inadequate breathing, which can lead to serious complications.

Blood pressure and heart rate are also monitored because opioids can cause hypotension and bradycardia in some patients; understanding these parameters allows for quicker interventions if the patient experiences adverse effects. Furthermore, monitoring consciousness is crucial to assess the patient's level of sedation and prevent overdose, which can lead to respiratory arrest or other severe outcomes.

The other options include vital signs that are not as critical when specifically giving opioids. Blood glucose levels and oxygen saturation might be relevant in different contexts but are not the primary concerns associated with opioid administration. Body temperature and electrolyte levels, while important in overall patient assessment, do not directly pertain to the immediate effects of opioid therapy. Similarly, weight and height are unrelated to the monitoring needs during opioid administration. Therefore, focusing on respiratory rate, blood pressure, heart rate, and consciousness provides a comprehensive understanding of the patient's safety during opioid treatment