What is an essential nursing action when administering IV medication?

When administering IV medication, monitoring the IV site for infiltration and phlebitis is crucial. This action ensures that the medication is being delivered effectively into the bloodstream and that the infusion site remains healthy. Infiltration occurs when the IV fluid leaks into the surrounding tissue, which can cause swelling and discomfort. Phlebitis, on the other hand, is inflammation of the vein that can also lead to complications. By keeping vigilant about the condition of the IV site, nurses can promptly identify and address any adverse reactions, preventing further complications for the patient.

The other options highlight actions that, while important in their own right, do not directly address the critical ongoing assessment required during IV medication administration. For instance, documenting medication given is important for record-keeping but does not relate to the immediate care and safety of the patient at the time of administration. Checking the patient's identity tag is a necessary safety precaution before giving any medication, but it is typically addressed before administration and does not involve continual assessment during the infusion. Administering medication at a faster rate can pose significant risks and is contrary to safety protocols, as it may lead to adverse effects such as toxicity or fluid overload. Thus, constant monitoring of the IV site stands out as the most essential action